F2a – Haplogroup

Summary

Age: 9,939.1 ± 6,812.1; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: Undetermined
Variants: A16203G
FTDNA Tree: Link
Parent Branch: F2
Descendant branch(s): F2a1

YFull Info

Name: F2a
Age: 20200 to 12800 ybp [95% CI]
Expansion: 15600 to 11600 ybp [95% CI]
Variants: A16203G

Note: This information does not imply an endorsement of YFull or their methods. It is provided at the request of readers.

Haplogroup F2a is a branch on the maternal tree of human kind. The woman who founded this line lived between 3,100 and 16,800 years ago (Behar et al 2012b).

mtDNA Haplogroup F2a Phylotree History

Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.

Build#	Called	Variants (Mutations)	Notes
01	F2a	16291	Released 27 Aug 2008
01	F2a3	16203	Released 27 Aug 2008
02	F2a	16291	Released 14 Oct 2008
02	F2a3	16203	Released 14 Oct 2008
05	F2a	16203	Released 8 Jul 2009
06	F2a	16203	Released 28 Sep 2009
07	F2a	16203	Released 10 Nov 2009
08	F2a	16203	Released 21 Mar 2010
09	F2a	16203	Released 20 Jun 2010
10	F2a	16203	Released 10 Aug 2010
11	F2a	16203	Released 7 Feb 2011
12	F2a	16203	Released 20 Jul 2011
13	F2a	16203	Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS
14	F2a	A16203G	Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS
15	F2a	A16203G	Released 30 Sep 2012
16	F2a	A16203G	Released 19 Feb 2014
17	F2a	A16203G	Released 18 Feb 2016

mtDNA Haplogroup F2a Data Sources

GenBank Samples

GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.

Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing results over to build 17.

Hg ID	Origin	Publication	Hg BLD16	Hg YFull	Missing Variants	Additional Variants
Hap5005463	Japan	Bilal et al., 2008	F2a	F2a*	none	F2a:309.1C, 315.1C, 14037
Hap5005499	Japan	Bilal et al., 2008	F2a	F2a*	none	F2a:309.1CC, 315.1C
Hap5010282	China, People's Republic of	Jiang et al., 2014	F2a	F2a*	F2a:16223	F2a:309.1C, 315.1C, 8479, 9324, 9455, 12477, 14049, 16126, 16259
Hap5011430		Ko et al., 2014	F2a	F2a*	F2a:249d	F2a:385, 3852, 16519
Hap5011892		Mikami et al., 2013	F2a	F2a*	none	F2a:186, 315.1C, 10927
Hap5011985		Mikami et al., 2013	F2a	F2a*	none	F2a:260, 309.1C, 315.1C, 15670
Hap5014764	Japan	Tanaka et al., 2004	F2a	F2a*	none	F2a:309.1CC, 315.1C, 6216
Hap5015015	Japan	Tanaka et al., 2004	F2a	F2a*	none	F2a:309.1CC, 315.1C
Hap5016236		Ji Y et al., 2008	F2a	F2a*	none	F2a:246, 296, 309.1C, 315.1C, 11778, 12372, 16093
Hap5022596		Zheng et al., 2011	F2a		F2a:152, 16311	F2a:310N, 3547, 9128, 11485, 14687, 15884, 16335, 16352

Sources & Resources

Related Sources

Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
Bilal, E., Rabadan, R., Alexe, G., Fuku, N., Ueno, H., Nishigaki, Y., Fujita, Y., Ito, M., Arai, Y., Hirose, N. and Ruckenstein, A. (2008). Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup D4a Is a Marker for Extreme Longevity in Japan. PLoS ONE, 3(6), e2421.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
Ji, Y., Zhang, A.M., Jia, X., Zhang, Y.P., Xiao, X., Li, S., Guo, X., Bandelt, H.J., Zhang, Q. and Yao, Y.G. (2008). Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups M7b1′2 and M8a Affect Clinical Expression of Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy in Chinese Families with the m.11778G→A Mutation. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 83(6), 760-768.
- (2014). A Direct Submission to GenBank by Jiang et al., in 2014. , unpublished, unpublished.
Ko, A.M.S., Chen, C.Y., Fu, Q., Delfin, F., Li, M., Chiu, H.L., Stoneking, M. and Ko, Y.C. (2014). Early Austronesians: Into and Out Of Taiwan. American journal of human genetics, 94(3), 426-436.
Mikami, E., Fuku, N., Kong, Q.P., Takahashi, H., Ohiwa, N., Murakami, H., Miyachi, M., Higuchi, M., Tanaka, M., Pitsiladis, Y.P. and Kawahara, T. (2013). Comprehensive analysis of common and rare mitochondrial DNA variants in elite Japanese athletes: a case–control study. Journal of human genetics, 58(12), 780-787.
Tanaka, M., Cabrera, V.M., González, A.M., Larruga, J.M., Takeyasu, T., Fuku, N., Guo, L.J., Hirose, R., Fujita, Y., Kurata, M. & Shinoda, K.I. (2004). Mitochondrial Genome Variation in Eastern Asia and the Peopling of Japan. Genome Research, 14(10a), 1832-1850.
Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.
Zheng, H.X., Yan, S., Qin, Z.D., Wang, Y., Tan, J.Z., Li, H. and Jin, L. (2011). Major Population Expansion of East Asians Began before Neolithic Time: Evidence of mtDNA Genomes. PLoS ONE, 6(10), e25835+.

Additional Resources

mtDNA Consultants

The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.

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