HV4a2

Summary

Age: 9,728.5 ± 5,577.3; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: Undetermined
Mutations: G7805A G16129A!
Parent Branch: HV4a
Descendant branch(s): HV4a2a HV4a2b

Background

Haplogroup HV4a2 is a branch on the maternal tree of human kind. Its age is between 4,200 and 15,300 years (Behar et al., 2012b).

mtDNA Haplogroup HV4a2 Phylotree History

Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.

Build#	Called	Mutations	Notes
10	HV4a2	7805 16129	Released 10 Aug 2010
11	HV4a2	7805 16129	Released 7 Feb 2011
12	HV4a2	7805 16129	Released 20 Jul 2011
13	HV4a2	7805 16129	Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS
14	HV4a2	G7805A G16129A!	Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS
15	HV4a2	G7805A G16129A!	Released 30 Sep 2012
16	HV4a2	G7805A G16129A!	Released 19 Feb 2014
17	HV4a2	G7805A G16129A!	Released 18 Feb 2016

mtDNA Haplogroup HV4a2 Data Sources

GenBank Samples

GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.

Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.

Hg ID	Publication	Missing Variants	Additional Variants

Geno 2.0 Data

Data from Geno 2.0 is derived from the The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project — the DAR. The Hg ID is specific to this site and is used to protect the identities of those who take part in Genographic research. Birth Country, Mother's Birth Country, and Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country have been normalized from DAR database fields. The Maternal Origin is determined based on the three previous fields.

Note: Geno 2.0 results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.

Hg ID	Birth Country	Mother's Birth Country	Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country	Maternal Origin
Hap10011510	Unspecified	Unspecified	Unspecified	Unspecified
Hap10014246	United States	United States	Italy	Italy
Hap10014540	Australia	Australia	Italy	Italy
Hap10020287	United States	United States	United States	United States
Hap10039920	Unspecified	Unspecified	Unspecified	Unspecified

If you use the information in this table, please credit both this site and The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project.

Sources & Resources

Related Sources

Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.

Additional Resources

mtDNA Consultants

The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.

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Last Updated: Last updated: November 30, -0001 at 0:00 am