I4a – Haplogroup

Summary

Age: 2,124.0 ± 6,112.6; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: Undetermined
Variants: A10819G
FTDNA Tree: Link
Parent Branch: I4
Descendant branch(s): I4a1 I4a2

YFull Info

Name: I4a
Age: 21200 to 12600 ybp [95% CI]
Expansion: 15600 to 11400 ybp [95% CI]
Variants: A10819G

Note: This information does not imply an endorsement of YFull or their methods. It is provided at the request of readers.

Haplogroup I4a is a branch on the maternal tree of human kind. The woman who started this branch lived at some point between recent generations and 8,200 years ago (Behar et al., 2012b).

mtDNA Haplogroup I4a Phylotree History

Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.

Build#	Called	Variants (Mutations)	Notes
14	I4a	A10819G	Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS
15	I4a	A10819G	Released 30 Sep 2012
16	I4a	A10819G	Released 19 Feb 2014
17	I4a	A10819G	Released 18 Feb 2016

mtDNA Haplogroup I4a Data Sources

GenBank Samples

GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.

Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing results over to build 17.

Hg ID	Origin	Publication	Hg BLD16	Hg YFull	Missing Variants	Additional Variants
Hap5001267		Behar et al., 2012b	I4a	I4a*	none	I4a:309.1C, 315.1C, 523-524d, 11563A
Hap5001315		Behar et al., 2012b	I4a	I4a*	none	I4a:315.1C, 523-524d, 8886
Hap5001727		Behar et al., 2012b	I4a	I4a*	none	I4a:315.1C, 523-524d
Hap5004661		Behar et al., 2012b	I4a	I4a*	I4a:573.1XC	I4a:315.1C, 523-524d, 8886
Hap5004872		Behar et al., 2012b	I4a	I4a*	I4a:573.1XC	I4a:315.1C, 523-524d, 572.1TCCCC
Hap5005375		Behar et al., 2012b	I4a	I4a*	I4a:9540, 16189	I4a:309.1C, 315.1C
Hap5007204	-	Greenspan et al., 2006 - 2016	I4a	-	none	I4a:315.1C, 523-524d, 16192
Hap5008272	-	Greenspan et al., 2006 - 2016	I4a	-	none	I4a:93, 309.1C, 315.1C, 523-524d, 6221, 11075, 13710
Hap5008645	-	Greenspan et al., 2006 - 2016	I4a	-	none	I4a:309.1C, 315.1C
Hap5008699	Russia	Fernandes et al., 2012	I4a	I4a*	none	I4a:309.1C, 315.1C, 7874, 15323, 16294, 16519
Hap5009541		Herrnstadt et al., 2002	I4a	I4a	I4a:146, 152, 195, 199, 204, 247, 250, 573.1XC, 16187, 16189, 16230, 16278, 16311, 16391	I4a:1-576d, 1438, 5656, 7762, 8697, 12083G, 14861, 16024-16569d
Hap5012810	Italy	Raule et al., 2014	I4a	I4a*	none	I4a:309.1CC, 315.1C, 3199, 10742, 16093, 16292
Hap5013020	Denmark	Raule et al., 2014	I4a	I4a3a	I4a:573.1XC	I4a:315.1C, 574C, 4056, 5465, 11016, 14839
Hap5013233	Denmark	Raule et al., 2014	I4a	I4a*	I4a:573.1XC	I4a:119, 121, 150, 315.1C
Hap5014213		Sequeira et al., 2015	I4a	I4a*	I4a:573.1XC	I4a:315.1C, 523-524d
Hap5021223	Italy	Olivieri et al., 2013	I4a	I4a*	none	I4a:309.1C, 315.1C, 12495, 16111G

Sources & Resources

Related Sources

Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
Fernandes, Veronica; Alshamali, Farida; Alves, Marco; Costa, Marta D.; Pereira, Joana B.; Silva, Nuno M.; Cherni, Lotfi; Harich, Nourdin; Cerny, Viktor; Soares, Pedro; Richards, Martin B. & Pereira, Luisa (2012). The Arabian Cradle: Mitochondrial Relicts of the First Steps along the Southern Route out of Africa. American journal of human genetics, 90(2), 347-355.
FamilyTreeDNA & Greenspan (2006). Sequences Directly Submited by FamilyTreeDNA on Customers’ Behalf. , -, -.
Herrnstadt, Corinna; Elson, Joanna L.; Fahy, Eoin; Preston, Gwen; Turnbull, Douglass M.; Anderson, Christen; Ghosh, Soumitra S.; Olefsky, Jerrold M.; Beal, M. Flint; Davis, Robert E. & Howell, Neil (2002). Reduced-median-network analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA coding-region sequences for the major African, Asian, and European haplogroups. American journal of human genetics, 70(5), 1152-1171.
Olivieri, A., Pala, M., Gandini, F., Kashani, B.H., Perego, U.A., Woodward, S.R., Grugni, V., Battaglia, V., Semino, O., Achilli, A. and Richards, M.B. (2013). Mitogenomes from Two Uncommon Haplogroups Mark Late Glacial/Postglacial Expansions from the Near East and Neolithic Dispersals within Europe. PLoS ONE, 8(7), e70492.
Raule, N., Sevini, F., Li, S., Barbieri, A., Tallaro, F., Lomartire, L., Vianello, D., Montesanto, A., Moilanen, J.S., Bezrukov, V. and Blanché, H. (2014). The co-occurrence of mtDNA mutations on different oxidative phosphorylation subunits, not detected by haplogroup analysis, affects human longevity and is population specific. Aging cell, 13(3), 401-407.
Sequeira, A., Rollins, B., Magnan, C., van Oven, M., Baldi, P., Myers, R.M., Barchas, J.D., Schatzberg, A.F., Watson, S.J., Akil, H. and Bunney, W.E. (2015). Mitochondrial Mutations in Subjects with Psychiatric Disorders. PLoS ONE, 10(5), e0127280.
Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.

Additional Resources

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