Summary
Age: 23,695.4 ± 6,902.4; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: Southeast Asia
Mutations: T3027C G3705A G7598A C13626T G16390A
FTDNA Tree: Link
Parent Branch: M9
Descendant branch(s): E1 E2
Background
Haplogroup E is a branch on the maternal tree of human kind. It is a child of haplogroup M9. It was likely born in the Southeast Asia around 24,000 years ago. (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin
Most researchers consider the birthplace of E to have been born in Southeast Asia.
Age
Behar et al., 2012b placed the birth of the E lineage between 16,800 and 30,600 years ago. This means the line was born in the Upper Paleolithic. At the time, people were using stone tools.
Ancient DNA
Coming Soon
Timeline
This timeline is an overview of the E branch’s history from the first early people to the birth of the first woman from the E lineage. (View in new tab.)
Modern Populations
Today, this lineage is most common in Southeast Asia. It is also found on the island of Madagascar and in isolated populations in China.
National Geographic Geno 2.0 Text
Age: 33,150 ± 8,200 Years Ago
Origin: Southeast Asia
Blurb: This point in your ancestors’ journey began in Southeast Asia around 33,000 years ago. At the time, the Pleistocene climate meant much lower sea levels in the region. Thus, your ancestors were more readily able to settle the region from their homeland in Sundaland.Global climate change lead to rapid increases in sea levels. These submerged Sundaland causing the loss of land and greatly reduced the populations in the region. However, over time your ancestors adapted to the new island environment and once more thrived. Around 6,000 years ago, they took part in population expansions that carried them as far as Taiwan and New Guinea.Today, this lineage is present in Indonesia, East Malaysia, New Guinea, the Philippines, and Taiwan. This line’s highest frequencies are now in Sulawesi, where it is about 26 percent of the population. It is between 10 and 15 percent of maternal lineages in Taiwan. It is around 16 percent of the population in the Philippines. It is 14 percent of the population in Borneo. It is present at lower frequencies elsewhere in Southeast Asia: Java (3 percent), Sumatra (7 percent), and Maluku (7 to 8 percent).Author: Rebekah A. Canada | Copyright: National Geographic
mtDNA Haplogroup E Phylotree History
Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.
| Build# | Called | Mutations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 27 Aug 2008 |
| 02 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 14 Oct 2008 |
| 03 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 1 Mar 2009 |
| 04 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 10 May 2009 |
| 05 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 8 Jul 2009 |
| 06 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 28 Sep 2009 |
| 07 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 10 Nov 2009 |
| 08 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 21 Mar 2010 |
| 09 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 20 Jun 2010 |
| 10 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 10 Aug 2010 |
| 11 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 7 Feb 2011 |
| 12 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 20 Jul 2011 |
| 13 | E | 3027 3705 7598 13626 16390 | Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS |
| 14 | E | T3027C G3705A G7598A C13626T G16390A | Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS |
| 15 | E | T3027C G3705A G7598A C13626T G16390A | Released 30 Sep 2012 |
| 16 | E | T3027C G3705A G7598A C13626T G16390A | Released 19 Feb 2014 |
| 17 | E | T3027C G3705A G7598A C13626T G16390A | Released 18 Feb 2016 |
mtDNA Haplogroup E Data Sources
GenBank Samples
GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.
Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.
| Hg ID | Publication | Missing Variants | Additional Variants |
|---|
Geno 2.0 Data
Data from Geno 2.0 is derived from the The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project — the DAR. The Hg ID is specific to this site and is used to protect the identities of those who take part in Genographic research. Birth Country, Mother's Birth Country, and Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country have been normalized from DAR database fields. The Maternal Origin is determined based on the three previous fields.
Note: Geno 2.0 results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.
| Hg ID | Birth Country | Mother's Birth Country | Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country | Maternal Origin |
|---|
If you use the information in this table, please credit both this site and The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project.
Sources & Resources
Related Sources
- Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
- Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
- Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
- Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.
Additional Resources
- Ian Logan’s mtDNA Pages
- Ian Logan’s Instructions for mtGenome Genbank Donation
- James Lick’s mtDNA Utility
- The Wikipedia Article for Haplogroup E
mtDNA Consultants
The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.
Keywords
Peoples: | Places:
Last Updated: Last updated: October 8, 2018 at 14:53 pm