Summary
Age: 12,953.8 ± 2,580.2; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: The Americas
Variants: T3396C C4025T G6285A A8946G C9458T A16241G
FTDNA Tree: Link
Parent Branch: D4h3
Descendant branch(s): D4h3a1 D4h3a2 D4h3a3 D4h3a4 D4h3a5 D4h3a6 D4h3a7 D4h3a8 D4h3a9
YFull Info
Name: D4h3aAge: 21400 to 11700 ybp [95% CI]
Expansion: 10300 to 7800 ybp [95% CI]
Variants: T3396C C4025T G6285A A8946G C9458T A16241G
Note: This information does not imply an endorsement of YFull or their methods. It is provided at the request of readers.
Haplogroup D4h3a is a branch on the maternal tree of human kind. The woman who founded this line lived between 10,400 and 15,500 years ago (Behar et al 2012b).
Origin
Coming Soon
Age
Coming Soon
Ancient DNA
Coming Soon
Timeline
Coming Soon
Modern Populations
Today, this lineage is present in the Native populations along the coastline of North America and in isolated South American populations.
mtDNA Haplogroup D4h3a Phylotree History
Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.
| Build# | Called | Variants (Mutations) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 05 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 8 Jul 2009 |
| 06 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 28 Sep 2009 |
| 07 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 10 Nov 2009 |
| 08 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 21 Mar 2010 |
| 09 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 20 Jun 2010 |
| 10 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 10 Aug 2010 |
| 11 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 7 Feb 2011 |
| 12 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 20 Jul 2011 |
| 13 | D4h3a | 3396 4025 6285 8946 9458 16241 | Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS |
| 14 | D4h3a | T3396C C4025T G6285A A8946G C9458T A16241G | Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS |
| 15 | D4h3a | T3396C C4025T G6285A A8946G C9458T A16241G | Released 30 Sep 2012 |
| 16 | D4h3a | T3396C C4025T G6285A A8946G C9458T A16241G | Released 19 Feb 2014 |
| 17 | D4h3a | T3396C C4025T G6285A A8946G C9458T A16241G | Released 18 Feb 2016 |
mtDNA Haplogroup D4h3a Data Sources
GenBank Samples
GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.
Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing results over to build 17.
| Hg ID | Origin | Publication | Hg BLD16 | Hg BLD17 | Hg YFull | Missing Variants | Additional Variants |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hap5009360 | Hartmann et al., 2008 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | D4h3a:3594, 16187 | D4h3a:309.1C, 315.1C, 709, 16203, 16245, 16319, 16468, 16519, 16533 | ||
| Hap5014550 | Tamm et al., 2007 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | none | D4h3a:309.1C, 315.1C, 6480, 16291, 16519 | ||
| Hap5016217 | Peru | Perego et al., 2009 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | D4h3a:16129, 16189, 16278 | D4h3a:315.1C, 1309, 8296, 11890, 12338, 13748, 16111, 16183C, 16193.1C, 16519 | |
| Hap5016218 | Bolivia | Perego et al., 2009 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | none | D4h3a:315.1C, 742, 7805, 10652, 12188, 12906A, 16092, 16183C, 16235, 16519 | |
| Hap5016219 | Peru | Perego et al., 2009 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | none | D4h3a:309.1CC, 315.1C, 5192, 5745, 8718, 12771, 16255, 16390, 16519 | |
| Hap5016220 | Peru | Perego et al., 2009 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | none | D4h3a:309.1C, 315.1C, 11465, 12717, 15791, 16519 | |
| Hap5016221 | Mexico | Perego et al., 2009 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | D4h3a:16241 | D4h3a:185, 315.1C, 16256, 16519 | |
| Hap5016222 | Brazil | Perego et al., 2009 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | none | D4h3a:309.1C, 315.1C, 523-524d, 10256, 16519 | |
| Hap5016223 | United States | Perego et al., 2009 | D4h3a | D4h3a* | none | D4h3a:309.1C, 315.1C, 14287, 16519 |
Sources & Resources
Related Sources
- Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
- Duggan, A.T., Harris, A.J., Marciniak, S., Marshall, I., Kuch, M., Kitchen, A., Renaud, G., Southon, J., Fuller, B., Young, J. and Fiedel, S. (2017). Genetic Discontinuity between the Maritime Archaic and Beothuk Populations in Newfoundland, Canada. Current Biology, -, -.
- Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
- Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
- Hartmann, A., Thieme, M., Nanduri, L.K., Stempfl, T., Moehle, C., Kivisild, T. and Oefner, P.J. (2008). Validation of microarray-based resequencing of 93 worldwide mitochondrial genomes. Human mutation, 30(1), 115-122.
- Perego, U.A., Achilli, A., Angerhofer, N., Accetturo, M., Pala, M., Olivieri, A., Kashani, B.H., Ritchie, K.H., Scozzari, R., Kong, Q.P. and Myres, N.M. (2009). Distinctive Paleo-Indian Migration Routes from Beringia Marked by Two Rare mtDNA Haplogroups. Current Biology, 19(1), 1-8.
- Tamm, E., Kivisild, T., Reidla, M., Metspalu, M., Smith, D.G., Mulligan, C.J., Bravi, C.M., Rickards, O., Martinez-Labarga, C., Khusnutdinova, E.K. and Fedorova, S.A. (2007). Beringian Standstill and Spread of Native American Founders. PLoS ONE, 2(9), e829.
- Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.
Additional Resources
- Ian Logan’s mtDNA Pages
- Ian Logan’s Instructions for mtGenome Genbank Donation
- James Lick’s mtDNA Utility
- The FTDNA Haplogroup Project for Haplogroup D
- The Wikipedia Article for Haplogroup D
mtDNA Consultants
The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.
Keywords
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Last Updated: [lastupdated]