Summary
Age: 12,477.5 ± 4,540.8; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: Undetermined
Variants: T151C! T5492C T16189C!
FTDNA Tree: Link
Parent Branch: Z4a
Descendant branch(s): Z4a1a
YFull Info
Name: Z4a1Age: 19300 to 11300 ybp [95% CI]
Expansion: -
Variants: T151C! T5492C T16189C!
Note: This information does not imply an endorsement of YFull or their methods. It is provided at the request of readers.
Haplogroup Z4a1 is a branch on the maternal tree of humanity.
mtDNA Haplogroup Z4a1 Phylotree History
Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.
| Build# | Called | Variants (Mutations) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 06 | Z4a | 5492 16189 16302 | Released 28 Sep 2009 |
| 07 | Z4a | 5492 16189 16302 | Released 10 Nov 2009 |
| 08 | Z4a | 5492 16189 16302 | Released 21 Mar 2010 |
| 09 | Z4a | 5492 16189 16302 | Released 20 Jun 2010 |
| 10 | Z4a | 5492 16189 16302 | Released 10 Aug 2010 |
| 11 | Z4a | 5492 16189 16302 | Released 7 Feb 2011 |
| 13 | Z4a | 5492 16189 | Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS |
| 14 | Z4a | T5492C T16189C! | Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS |
| 15 | Z4a | T5492C T16189C! | Released 30 Sep 2012 |
| 16 | Z4a1 | T151C! T5492C T16189C! | Released 19 Feb 2014 |
| 17 | Z4a1 | T151C! T5492C T16189C! | Released 18 Feb 2016 |
mtDNA Haplogroup Z4a1 Data Sources
GenBank Samples
GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.
Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing results over to build 17.
| Hg ID | Origin | Publication | Hg BLD16 | Hg BLD17 | Hg YFull | Missing Variants | Additional Variants |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hap5022138 | China, People's Republic of | Kong et al., 2003 | Z4a1 | Z4a1* | none | Z4a1:185, 309.1C, 315.1C, 3394, 14152, 16224, 16261, 16519 |
Sources & Resources
Related Sources
- Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
- Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
- Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
- Kong, Q.P., Yao, Y.G., Sun, C., Bandelt, H.J., Zhu, C.L. and Zhang, Y.P. (2003). Phylogeny of East Asian Mitochondrial DNA Lineages Inferred from Complete Sequences. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 73(3), 671-676.
- Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.
Additional Resources
- Ian Logan’s mtDNA Pages
- Ian Logan’s Instructions for mtGenome Genbank Donation
- James Lick’s mtDNA Utility
- The FTDNA Haplogroup Project for Haplogroup Z
- The Wikipedia Article for Haplogroup Z
mtDNA Consultants
The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.
Keywords
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Last Updated: [lastupdated]