Z4a1

Summary

Age: 12,477.5 ± 4,540.8; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: Undetermined
Mutations: T151C! T5492C T16189C!
Parent Branch: Z4a
Descendant branch(s): Z4a1a

Background

Haplogroup Z4a1 is a branch on the maternal tree of humanity.

mtDNA Haplogroup Z4a1 Phylotree History

Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.

Build#	Called	Mutations	Notes
06	Z4a	5492 16189 16302	Released 28 Sep 2009
07	Z4a	5492 16189 16302	Released 10 Nov 2009
08	Z4a	5492 16189 16302	Released 21 Mar 2010
09	Z4a	5492 16189 16302	Released 20 Jun 2010
10	Z4a	5492 16189 16302	Released 10 Aug 2010
11	Z4a	5492 16189 16302	Released 7 Feb 2011
13	Z4a	5492 16189	Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS
14	Z4a	T5492C T16189C!	Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS
15	Z4a	T5492C T16189C!	Released 30 Sep 2012
16	Z4a1	T151C! T5492C T16189C!	Released 19 Feb 2014
17	Z4a1	T151C! T5492C T16189C!	Released 18 Feb 2016

mtDNA Haplogroup Z4a1 Data Sources

GenBank Samples

GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.

Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.

Hg ID	Publication	Missing Variants	Additional Variants
Hap5022138	Kong et al., 2003	none	Z4a1:185, 309.1C, 315.1C, 3394, 14152, 16224, 16261, 16519

Geno 2.0 Data

Data from Geno 2.0 is derived from the The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project — the DAR. The Hg ID is specific to this site and is used to protect the identities of those who take part in Genographic research. Birth Country, Mother's Birth Country, and Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country have been normalized from DAR database fields. The Maternal Origin is determined based on the three previous fields.

Note: Geno 2.0 results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.

Hg ID	Birth Country	Mother's Birth Country	Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country	Maternal Origin

If you use the information in this table, please credit both this site and The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project.

Sources & Resources

Related Sources

Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
Kong, Q.P., Yao, Y.G., Sun, C., Bandelt, H.J., Zhu, C.L. and Zhang, Y.P. (2003). Phylogeny of East Asian Mitochondrial DNA Lineages Inferred from Complete Sequences. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 73(3), 671-676.
Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.

Additional Resources

mtDNA Consultants

The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.

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Last Updated: Last updated: November 30, -0001 at 0:00 am