C | Haplogroup

Summary

Age: 23,912.2 ± 4,780.8; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: Undetermined
Mutations: T3552a A9545G G11914A! A13263G T14318C C16327T
Parent Branch: CZ
Descendant branch(s): C1 C4 C5 C7

Background

Haplogroup C is a branch on the maternal tree of human kind. The woman who founded this line lived between 19,100 and 28,700 years ago (Behar et al 2012b).

mtDNA Haplogroup C Phylotree History

Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.

Build#	Called	Mutations	Notes
01	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 27 Aug 2008
02	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 14 Oct 2008
03	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 1 Mar 2009
04	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 10 May 2009
05	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 8 Jul 2009
06	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 28 Sep 2009
07	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 10 Nov 2009
08	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 21 Mar 2010
09	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 20 Jun 2010
10	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 10 Aug 2010
11	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 7 Feb 2011
12	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 20 Jul 2011
13	C	3552A 9545 11914 13263 14318 16327	Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS
14	C	T3552a A9545G G11914A! A13263G T14318C C16327T	Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS
15	C	T3552a A9545G G11914A! A13263G T14318C C16327T	Released 30 Sep 2012
16	C	T3552a A9545G G11914A! A13263G T14318C C16327T	Released 19 Feb 2014
17	C	T3552a A9545G G11914A! A13263G T14318C C16327T	Released 18 Feb 2016

mtDNA Haplogroup C Data Sources

GenBank Samples

GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.

Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.

Hg ID	Publication	Missing Variants	Additional Variants
Hap5009478	Herrnstadt et al., 2002	C:146, 152, 195, 247, 249d, 489, 16129, 16187, 16189, 16230, 16278, 16298, 16311, 16327	C:1-576d, 5894, 6261, 10397, 13813, 14215, 16024-16569d
Hap5009668	Herrnstadt et al., 2002	C:146, 152, 195, 247, 249d, 489, 16129, 16187, 16189, 16230, 16278, 16298, 16311, 16327	C:1-576d, 7697, 15670, 16024-16569d
Hap5009748	Herrnstadt et al., 2002	C:146, 152, 195, 247, 249d, 489, 16129, 16187, 16189, 16230, 16278, 16298, 16311, 16327	C:1-576d, 11147, 16024-16569d
Hap5009803	Herrnstadt et al., 2002	C:146, 152, 195, 247, 249d, 489, 16129, 16187, 16189, 16230, 16278, 16298, 16311, 16327	C:1-576d, 597.1C, 1670T, 7694, 10454, 16024-16569d
Hap5010888	Kivisild et al., 2006	C:146, 152, 195, 247, 249d, 16129, 16187, 16189, 16230, 16278, 16298, 16311, 16327	C:1-435d, 1719, 7697, 12501, 15106, 16022-16569d
Hap5010945	Kivisild et al., 2006	C:146, 152, 195, 247, 249d, 16129, 16187, 16189, 16230, 16278, 16298, 16311, 16327	C:1-435d, 493, 523-524d, 1719, 7337, 10084, 11447, 16022-16569d

Geno 2.0 Data

Data from Geno 2.0 is derived from the The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project — the DAR. The Hg ID is specific to this site and is used to protect the identities of those who take part in Genographic research. Birth Country, Mother's Birth Country, and Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country have been normalized from DAR database fields. The Maternal Origin is determined based on the three previous fields.

Note: Geno 2.0 results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.

Hg ID	Birth Country	Mother's Birth Country	Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country	Maternal Origin

If you use the information in this table, please credit both this site and The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project.

Sources & Resources

Related Sources

Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
Herrnstadt, Corinna; Elson, Joanna L.; Fahy, Eoin; Preston, Gwen; Turnbull, Douglass M.; Anderson, Christen; Ghosh, Soumitra S.; Olefsky, Jerrold M.; Beal, M. Flint; Davis, Robert E. & Howell, Neil (2002). Reduced-median-network analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA coding-region sequences for the major African, Asian, and European haplogroups. American journal of human genetics, 70(5), 1152-1171.
Kivisild, Toomas; Shen, Peidong; Wall, Dennis P.; Do, Bao; Sung, Raphael; Davis, Karen; Passarino, Giuseppe; Underhill, Peter A.; Scharfe, Curt; Torroni, Antonio; Scozzari, Rosaria; Modiano, David; Coppa, Alfredo; de Knijff, Peter; Feldman, Marcus; Cavall (2006). The Role of Selection in the Evolution of Human Mitochondrial Genomes. Genetics, 172(1), 373-387.
Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.

Additional Resources

mtDNA Consultants

The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.

Keywords

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Last Updated: Last updated: November 30, -0001 at 0:00 am