G | Haplogroup

Summary

Age: 31,614.8 ± 5,193.6; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: Undetermined
Mutations: G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C
Parent Branch: M12'G
Descendant branch(s): G1 G2 G3 G4

Background

Haplogroup G is a branch on the maternal tree of human kind. The woman who founded this line lived between 26,400 and 36,800 years ago (Behar et al 2012b).

mtDNA Haplogroup G Phylotree History

Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.

Build#	Called	Mutations	Notes
01	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 27 Aug 2008
02	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 14 Oct 2008
03	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 1 Mar 2009
04	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 10 May 2009
05	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 8 Jul 2009
06	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 28 Sep 2009
07	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 10 Nov 2009
08	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 21 Mar 2010
09	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 20 Jun 2010
10	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 10 Aug 2010
11	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 7 Feb 2011
12	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 20 Jul 2011
13	G	709 4833 5108 16362	Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS
14	G	G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C	Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS
15	G	G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C	Released 30 Sep 2012
16	G	G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C	Released 19 Feb 2014
17	G	G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C	Released 18 Feb 2016

mtDNA Haplogroup G Data Sources

GenBank Samples

GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.

Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.

Hg ID	Publication	Missing Variants	Additional Variants

Geno 2.0 Data

Data from Geno 2.0 is derived from the The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project — the DAR. The Hg ID is specific to this site and is used to protect the identities of those who take part in Genographic research. Birth Country, Mother's Birth Country, and Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country have been normalized from DAR database fields. The Maternal Origin is determined based on the three previous fields.

Note: Geno 2.0 results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.

Hg ID	Birth Country	Mother's Birth Country	Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country	Maternal Origin

If you use the information in this table, please credit both this site and The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project.

Sources & Resources

Related Sources

Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.

Additional Resources

mtDNA Consultants

The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.

Keywords

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Last Updated: Last updated: November 30, -0001 at 0:00 am