Summary
Age: 31,614.8 ± 5,193.6; CI=95% (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin: East Asia
Mutations: G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C
FTDNA Tree: Link
Parent Branch: M12’G
Descendant branch(s): G1 G2 G3 G4
Background
Haplogroup G is a branch on the maternal tree of human kind. It is a child of haplogroup M12’G. It was likely born in the East Asia around 32,000 years ago. (Behar et al., 2012b)
Origin
Most researchers consider the birthplace of G to have been born in East Asia.
Age
Behar et al., 2012b placed the birth of the G lineage between 26,400 and 36,800 years ago. This means the line was born in the Upper Paleolithic. At the time, people were using stone tools.
Ancient DNA
Coming Soon
Timeline
This timeline is an overview of the G branch’s history from the first early people to the birth of the first woman from the G lineage. (View in new tab.)
National Geographic Geno 2.0 Text
Age: 32,000 ± 6,000 Years Ago
Origin: East Asia
Blurb: This point in your ancestors’ journey began about 32,000 years ago in East Asia. There, this line became a founder in populations such as the Koryaks and Itelmen.Over time, members of this lineage have traveled to Korea and Japan. In a more recent migration, small numbers of women from this line have migrated west to Scandinavia and settled there and in the United Kingdom.
Today, this lineage is present most often in Korea (25 percent), Japan (18 percent), and China (5 percent). However, it is also present in Russia (1 to 2 percent). Geneticists have found it at trace frequencies of less than 1 percent in Sweden, Scotland, and England.
Author: Rebekah A. Canada | Copyright: National Geographic
mtDNA Haplogroup G Phylotree History
Phylotree.org is the maternal (mtDNA) tree of humanity. It is maintained by Dr. Mannis Van Oven. Each build is a major update to the tree. The current build is #17.
| Build# | Called | Mutations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 27 Aug 2008 |
| 02 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 14 Oct 2008 |
| 03 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 1 Mar 2009 |
| 04 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 10 May 2009 |
| 05 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 8 Jul 2009 |
| 06 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 28 Sep 2009 |
| 07 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 10 Nov 2009 |
| 08 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 21 Mar 2010 |
| 09 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 20 Jun 2010 |
| 10 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 10 Aug 2010 |
| 11 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 7 Feb 2011 |
| 12 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 20 Jul 2011 |
| 13 | G | 709 4833 5108 16362 | Released 28 Dec 2011; Last Build to use the rCRS |
| 14 | G | G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C | Released 5 Apr 2012; First version to use the RSRS |
| 15 | G | G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C | Released 30 Sep 2012 |
| 16 | G | G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C | Released 19 Feb 2014 |
| 17 | G | G709A A4833G T5108C T16362C | Released 18 Feb 2016 |
mtDNA Haplogroup G Data Sources
GenBank Samples
GenBank is a database of genetic sequence data. It is run by the United States National Institute of Health. It serves as the main repository for mtDNA full sequence profiles. Samples come both from published academic literature and donations from genetic genealogy community members. In addition to GenBank samples, listings below may include other samples published but not submitted to GenBank such as those from the HapMap project.
Note: GenBank results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.
| Hg ID | Publication | Missing Variants | Additional Variants |
|---|
Geno 2.0 Data
Data from Geno 2.0 is derived from the The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project — the DAR. The Hg ID is specific to this site and is used to protect the identities of those who take part in Genographic research. Birth Country, Mother's Birth Country, and Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country have been normalized from DAR database fields. The Maternal Origin is determined based on the three previous fields.
Note: Geno 2.0 results currently use Phylotree build 16. I am working on changing resuts over to build 17.
| Hg ID | Birth Country | Mother's Birth Country | Maternal Grandmother's Birth Country | Maternal Origin |
|---|
If you use the information in this table, please credit both this site and The National Geographic Society’s Genographic Project.
Sources & Resources
Related Sources
- Behar, D.M., van Oven, M., Rosset, S., Metspalu, M., Loogväli, E.L., Silva, N.M., Kivisild, T., Torroni, A. and Villems, R. (2012). A “Copernican” reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root. American journal of human genetics, 90(4), 675-684.
- Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2011). MitoTool: a web server for the analysis and retrieval of human mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Mitochondrion, 11(2), 351-356.
- Fan, L., & Yao, Y. G. (2013). An update to MitoTool: using a new scoring system for faster mtDNA haplogroup determination. Mitochondrion, 13(4), 360-363.
- Van Oven, M., & Kayser, M. (2009). Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human mutation, 30(2), E386-E394.
Additional Resources
- Ian Logan’s mtDNA Pages
- Ian Logan’s Instructions for mtGenome Genbank Donation
- James Lick’s mtDNA Utility
- The Wikipedia Article for Haplogroup G
mtDNA Consultants
The following members of the community offer paid consulting for those seeking help with mtDNA results. Inclusion on this list is not a recommendation or endorsement of any service.
Keywords
Peoples: | Places:
Last Updated: Last updated: October 8, 2018 at 15:03 pm